- The term “Subarctic peoples” describes a number of different and unique groups, including the Dene, Cree, Ojibwa, Atikamekw, Innu and Beothuk.
- Most Aboriginal people of the Subarctic were organized into bands who spoke the same language dialect and shared common traditions.
- Such groups include the Dene Nation, Tlingit, Ojibwa, Cree, Atikamekw and Innu
- Aboriginal peoples of the Subarctic lived by hunting, fishing, trapping and gathering wild plants.
- Men did most of the big-game hunting, while women snared hare, fished, cut and dried meat, and processed hides.
- In the northwest, berries were often mixed with fat and fish, or were mixed with pounded dried meat and grease to make pemmican.
- Women were skilled in sewing, making cooking and storage containers of skins, birchbark or coiled spruce root basketry, as well as fishnets from willow baste or babiche.
- Men made snowshoes, toboggans, canoes, sleds and hunting implements.
- Subarctic Aboriginal groups moved frequently as game supplies changed from season to season and from year to year.
- Sharing resources rather than the accumulation of wealth was emphasized among individuals and communities
- They taught children to be self-reliant, observant and resourceful through stories and songs and were expected to learn the habits of game animals and how to find their way through large areas of difficult terrain.
- Dwellings varied considerably depending on local materials and traditions, but in all areas they were designed to be heated and lit by a single fire.
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